CONTENTS MAIN THEME: 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE STATE AGROCHEMICAL SERVICE

Prudnikov P.V. (agrohim32@mail.ru), Sezin Yu.A. (aip@online.debryansk.ru)

Complex application of fertilizers and meliorants at test plots in Bryansk region

There is an interest to fertilizers application technologies at radioactive polluted soil, it based on limitation of nutrients sources and improvement of physical-chemical soil properties, preventing to radionuclides accumulation in plants. It’s necessary to pay attention to application of untraditional forms of the mineral fertilizers and chemical meliorants. There is presentation of estimation of complex fertilizers and meliorants application for cultivation of perennial grasses at experimental plots in Bryansk region.

Keywords: fertilizers, meliorants, efficiency, test plots, radioactive pollution.

Leonova N.V., Prudnikov P.V. (agrohim32@mail.ru)

Estimation of fertilizers and meliorants application at soil polluted by radioactive rainfalls

Experimental results at 2 plots situated in Krasnogorsk district of Bryansk region, which suffered from Chernobyl accident by radioactive rainfalls with high pollution level of 137Cs (from 246 till 383 кБк/м²) are presented in article. Application of fertilizers and meliorants allowed to improve radiological situation and to harvest green forage for animal husbandry, which correspond to sanitary-hygienic norms at contaminated areas.

Keywords: polluted soil, radioactive rainfalls, fertilizers, meliorants, perennial grasses.

Prudnikov S.P. (prudnikow@yandex.ru)

Economic efficiency of agrochemical means application at radioactive polluted soils

Economical efficiency of agrochemical means application for rehabilitation of radioactive polluted soil is presented in article. Main attention was paid to two important parameters: conditionally net income (rubles per ha) and economic return (rubles per rubles). Established that new fertilizer Borophoska granulated decreases great times accumulation of radionuclides into agricultural crops what provides harvesting of safety output and it can be recommended for rehabilitation measurements at polluted soils.

Keywords: rehabilitation activity, agrochemical means, radioactivity, soil, agricultural output.

Panasin V.I., Rymarenko D.A. (agrohim_39@mail.ru)

Soil acidity dynamic analysis at agricultural lands in Kaliningrad region

Results of soil acidity dynamic researches at agricultural lands in Kaliningrad region for 50 period are presented. It’s shown that pH_KCl shift due to liming depends on soil properties and lime dozes. Calcium balance in arable layer is calculated. Rate of natural soil acidification in agrolandscape is established.

Keywords: pH shift, calcium balance, hydrolytic acidity, amount of absorbed bases, acidification rate.

SOIL FERTILITY AND PROPERTIES

Tembo A., Samardzic M., Morev D.V., Valentini R., Vasenev I.I. (mcalen@mail.ru)

Agroecological monitoring of soil nitrous oxide fluxes from natural and agrogenic-modified chernozems of the Central chernozem reserve

The paper presents results of the Russian Federation Government grant № 11.G34.31.0079 sponsored agroecological monitoring of soil N₂O fluxes from natural and agrogenic-modified chernozems of the Central Chernozem Reserve (virgin steppe, five-year rotational mowed steppe, pasture and fallow land). The studies have revealed a significant seasonal variability of soil N₂O fluxes varying in the range of -0,5 mg N₂O·m^-2·day^-1 (late June/July, in the mowed steppe and fallow land, respectively) to 0,85 mg N₂O·m^-2·day^-1 on pasture (third week of June). A significant effect of land-use type, soil temperature and moisture on N₂O fluxes was identified. The correlation coefficient of soil N₂O fluxes to soil temperature was negative 0,83 on fallow land, while with soil moisture the correlation was 0,75 in the mowed steppe.

Keywords: agroecological monitoring, agrogenic-modified ecosystem, chernozem, nitrous oxide, global climate change.

Pervova N.E. (pochw@yandex.ru)

Soil forming process research at long-term lisimetric experiment

The study of soil formation processes in the long-term experiment on the lisimeters. The results of investigations the model soil lisimeters at experimental station of Moscow Lomonosov State University are given in the article. The initial stages of soil formation under different vegetation are discussed. Also the formation of organic profile in the young soil was studied. The migration of organic matter with the lisimeters waters was studied too. established that morphological composition of soi l depends on phytocoenosis. Soil formation depends on condition of young ecosystems and also allows to estimate influence of urban factors to soil formation process. Formation of young shallow soils, differentiated soil layers of underlaying and humus accumulative horizons are presented.

Keywords: lisimeters, phytocoenosis, migration of organic matter, initial stages of soil formation.

Kidin V.V., Prasolova A.A. (Prasolova.A.A_13@mail.ru)

Gaseous nitrogen losses and soil breath dynamics from different layers of sod-podzolic soil

Article shows the results of laboratory experiment to analyze the possibility to manage and regulate the size and composition of gaseous nitrogen losses (GNLs) and studying soil «breath» dynamics from soil and fertilizers.

Keywords: nitrogen soil, nitrogen from fertilizer, soil breath, soil layers, sod-podzolic soil, laboratory experiment.

Anisimov V.S., Anisimova L.N., Frigidov R.A., Frigidova L.M. (vsanisimov@list.ru)

Zinc mobility and it’s accumulation by harvest in dependence of soil type

The experimental results allow to specify the features of Zn translocation in valuable pieces of lettuce from different soils and may be useful in the subsequent revision of control levels of Zn in soils depending not only on the individual physical, chemical and physical parameters (pH value and particle size distribution), but as well on soil type.

Keywords: zinc, soil, translocation, accumulation factors, biomass, phytotoxicity.

BIOPREPARATIONS AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

Zavalin A.A., Almetov N.S., Goryachkin N.V. (kaf_aghim@marsu.ru), Alferov A.A. (info@vniia-pr.ru)

Influence of predecessors, fertilizers and biopreparations on yield and quality of spring wheat

Estimation of effect and aftereffect of Flavobacterin biopreparations produced from associative and symbiotic microorganisms and mineral fertilizers on yield of spring wheat at grain-grass crop rotations with perennial legume and cereal grasses. Application of biopreparations allowed extra accumulation of nutrients in spring wheat, provided profitability of PK-fertilizers by addition of yield till 2,6-8,2 times, N-fertilizers till 1,4-1,6 times.

Keywords: fertilizers, biopreparations, seeds inoculation, associative and symbiotic microorganisms, crop rotation, nitrogen balance.

Kshnikatkina A.N. (pererabotka2012@yandex.ru), Dorozhkina L.A. (dorogkina@nest-m.ru)

Application of Siliplant in technology of grain and forage crops cultivation

Quadrennial experiments of silicon-containing fertilizer Siliplant application for triticale, naked barley, clover Pannonian cultivation in forest-steppe conditions of Middle Volga river regions are presented in article. Established that triple application of Siliplant for seeds treatment (1 l/t), grain crops during bushing out (1 l/ha) and during heading (1 l/ha) and clover Pannonian (Trifolium pannonicum) for seeds and plant treatment during growth and flowering is most effective technology.

Keywords: Siliplant, cereal crops, triticale, naked barley, clover, yield.

Loi N.N., Sanzharova N.I., Mironova M.P. (loy.nad@yandex.ru), Fattakhov S.G. (mshulaeva@iops.ru)

Application of plant growth regulators for cultivation of grain crops at cadmium polluted soil

Results are presented on the application of growth regulator Melafen. It has been found in a greenhouse experiment that presowing seed treatment with Melafen and then cultivation of barley on sod-podzolic sandy loam soil polluted by cadmium in the 2-20 mg/kg dose range reduces toxic effect of the metal on the development of plants and accumulation of the pollutant in the biomass and barley grain of Nur variety.

Keywords: growth regulator, barley, sod-podzolic sandy loam soil, technogenic pollution, accumulation.