FERTILIZER AND HARVEST

Volkova M.A., Lapushkin V.M. (lapushkin@rgau-msha.ru, marina.volkova.2012@mail.ru)

Efficiency of modern forms of prolonged-acting urea in cultivation of spring wheat

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-001

The data of field experiments are presented, in which the influence of new forms of prolonged-acting urea on the formation of a spring wheat crop in the conditions of the Moscow region was studied. It was found that urea encapsulated with calcium biphosphate and urea treated with a nitrification inhibitor provide the most optimal nutrition regime for wheat plants, which, in turn, favorably affects the formation of a grain crop. On average, over two growing seasons, compared with the usual form of urea, encapsulated and inhibited forms of urea against nitrifiers increased the yield of wheat grain by 13.5 and 13.1%, respectively. The nitrogen utilization rate when using these forms was 68%, while the nitrogen from standard urea was used by plants by only 53%.

Keywords: urea, long-acting urea, calcium biphosphate, inhibited urea, spring wheat, yield.

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Titova V.I., Boytsun D.I., Belousova E.G. (titovavi@yandex.ru, dmedv4444@mail.ru, tyurnikova.e@yandex.ru)

Influence of biocompost based on poultry manure on productivity of the grain crop rotation link

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-002

The paper presents the results of the vegetation experiment laid at the Department of Agrochemistry and Agroecology of Nizhny Novgorod State Florentyev Agrotechnological University, for evaluation of the effect of biocompost, created on the basis of different forms of poultry manure, on the yield and yield structure of crops in the crop rotation link «barley – spring wheat». The content of nutrition elements in the created compost: nitrogen 1.19%, phosphorus and potassium 1.56% each, per natural moisture content (57.7%). Biocompost in doses of 4 g/kg, 8 or 12 g/kg of soil (conditional analog of doses for field conditions 10 t/ha, 20 or 30 t/ha) was applied to barley in 2023, on spring wheat in 2024 the after-effect was evaluated. It was found that the application of biocompost in the minimum of the studied dose in direct action provided a reliable increase in barley grain – 5.1 times compared to the unfertilized variant. Increasing the dose of biocompost two and three times increases the share of the main economic-valuable part of the yield (grain) both in the direct action of barley by 7.5-12.5%, and in the after-effect on spring wheat – by 8.6-21.7%. Biocompost has a significant effect on the second year after its introduction, providing an increase in total biomass of spring wheat in 5.2-5.9 times and grain in 4.3-7.2 times compared to the control. Payback per unit of nutrients of biocompost in direct action on barley varies within 55.1-23.9 g of grain increment per 1 g NRC, and in the after-effect on spring wheat – within 23.0-14.5 g/g, changing from a smaller dose to a larger one.

Keywords: poultry manure, biocompost, dose, direct action, after-effect, yield, yield structure, fertilizer payback.

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Khoi N.T., Nesterova O.V., Bovsun M.A., Vasenev I.I. (nguen.tu@dvfu.ru, nesterova.ov@dvfu.ru, bovsun.mal@dvfu.ru, vasenev@rgau-msha.ru)

Agroecological assessment of biochar effect combined with mineral fertilizers on growth, development and yield of soybean

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-003

The results of the study of the effect of different doses of biochar application, obtained by pyrolysis of biomass, in combination with mineral fertilizers on the growth and development of soybeans in the Bakjiang province, located in the north of Vietnam, are presented. The influence of the factor of soybean varieties DT 20, DT26 was evaluated on plots of 40 m² in threefold repetition. The effect of the fertilizer factor – on plots with an area of 10 m² allocated on a plot of each variety with an area of 40 m². The field experiment was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021. Biochar was produced from rice husk at a temperature of 450°C for 2 hours. It was found that the most optimal options for using a combination of biochar with mineral fertilizers on the poor soil of the Bakjiang province for soybean varieties DT20 and DT26 are: 40 kg N + 120 kg P₂O₅ + 80 kg K₂O + 1 t biochar/ha and 40 kg N + 120 kg P₂O₅ + 80 kg K₂O + 0.5 t biochar/ha. Thus, on average, for the DT26 variety in the variants with the introduction of 0.5 and 1 t/ha of biochar in compare to the control the number of fruits increased by 15.4%, the weight of 1000 seeds – by 5.3% and the yield – by 15.6%. For the DT20 variety, on average, in the variants with the introduction of 0.5 and 1 t/ha of biochar in compare to the control the number of fruits increased by 20.8%, the weight of 1000 seeds – by 7.0% and the yield – by 13.6%. A reliable effect of biochar on the leaf area index, the weight and number of nodules, and the ability to accumulate dry matter was also noted.

Keywords: biochar, fertility increasing, fertilizers, soybeans, Vietnam.

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Kasatikov V.A., Shabardina N.P. (kasv47@yandex.ru)

Effects and consequences of biocompost based on sewage sludge on the nitrogen regime, biological properties of soil and productivity of grain unit of crop rotation

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-004

The article presents the results of research on the biological changes occurring in soddy-podzolic sandy loam soil under the influence of biocompost based on municipal sewage sludge. According to the effect of sewage sludge in the composition of biocompost in doses of 15-120 t/ha, the average content of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen in the soil during the growing season reaches values equal to 6.55-15.15 and 3.74-7.37 mg/kg, respectively. According to the aftereffect, a decrease in the average values of N-NO₃ during the growing season was revealed to values equal to 3.28-4.74 mg/kg, respectively, in the absence of noticeable changes in the content of N-NH₄, which is due to the processes of destruction of organic matter in the composition of sewage sludge. A distinctive feature of the aftereffect of sewage sludge on the dynamics of the content of microbial biomass, cellulolytic and nitrification activity of soddy-podzolic sandy loam soil is a higher activity of biological processes in the soil than according to the effect, due to the processes of destruction of organic matter in sewage sludge. Moreover, maximum productivity was obtained from the effect of sewage sludge in the composition of biocompost on the yield of winter wheat.

Keywords: soddy-podzolic soil, nitrogen regime, biocompost, sewage sludge, winter wheat, productivity.

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Chizhova M.S., Denisenko A.I., Kadurina A.A., Milichenko A.A. (tansk@yandex.ru)

Assessment of effect of vermicompost Biohumus and organomineral complex Geoton for increase of soil fertility and sunflower productivity

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-005

The article presents data on the study of the effect of vermicompost Biohumus and the organomineral complex Geoton on soil fertility, yield and quality of sunflower seeds. It has been established that the amount of nutrients in the ordinary chernozem of Donbass increases only with the use of Biohumus. Nitrate nitrogen increased by 0.23, ammonium nitrogen – by 1.40, and in total by 1.63 mg/100 g of soil before sunflower sowing. The content of available phosphorus increased by 2.9, and the content of exchangeable potassium increased by 1.1 mg/kg of soil in comparison with the control. Spraying of plants with Geoton on the leaf surface treatment of 1 l/ha in phases 2-3 and 6-7 sunflower leaves does not affect the content of nutrients in the soil. The introduction of Biohumus increased the yield to 16.2 c/ha, and the addition was 2.2 c/ha. Spraying plants on leaves with Geoton increased yields to 15.6 c/ha, which is 1.6 c/ha more than in the control version. The highest sunflower yield was obtained with the combined use of Biohumus and Geoton in sunflower crops – 17.0 c/ha, which is 3.0 c/ha higher than in the control variant. From the research results, we found that in the arid conditions of the Luhansk People's Republic, it is necessary to use Biohumus to increase soil fertility, and Geoton to increase the yield and quality of sunflower seeds. The highest fat content in seeds and its yield per 1 ha was obtained in the variant Biohumus, 1 t/ha + Geoton, 1 l/ha in the phases of 2-3 and 6-7 leaves in relation to the control, it was higher by 2.1%, and the yield per 1 ha was 142.4 kg.

Keywords: vermicompost Biohumus, organomineral complex Geoton, yield, nutrition elements, quality.

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Gainullin R.M., Lukmanov А.А., Kharisov I.A. (lupin77@mail.ru, agrohim_16_1@mail.ru, i.a.kharisov@souz-agro.com)

Research of efficiency of mineral fertilizers and Rhizotorphin in the cultivation of fodder beans for irrigation

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-006

In field experiments on the soils of the South-East of the Republic of Tatarstan, the use of mineral fertilizers and Rhizotorphin in the cultivation of fodder beans for irrigation was studied. In the course of the research, the timing of the onset of phenological phases was studied, the features of plant growth, development and crop formation were considered, depending on the cultivation methods studied. The most effective doses of fertilizers have also been determined and the need for irrigation of feed beans has been substantiated. It was found that mineral fertilizers increased the duration of vegetation, and the use of Rhizotorphin increased seed germination and contributed to better plant safety for harvesting. The highest yield (3.28 t/ha) and protein harvest (1121 kg/ha) were obtained by irrigation with the combined use of fertilizers at a dose of N₅₁Р₃₈К₉₅ and Rhizotorphin.

Keywords: fodder beans, mineral fertilizers, Rhizotorphin, irrigation, productivity, protein content.

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Jahish F., Dmitrevskaya I.I., Zharkikh O.A. (f.jahish@gmail.com, i.dmitrevskaya@rgau-msha.ru)

Dependence of spring wheat yields and grain quality on different levels of mineral nutrition and use of phytohormone in cultivation in Afghanistan

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-007

The experiments were conducted at the Alberoni University field station (Kapisa, Afghanistan) in order to study the effect of various doses of NPK and gibberellin on the growth, yield and composition of spring wheat grains in the period 2022-2024. The highest plant height (102.8 cm) in 2022 was when N₂₀₀P₁₂₀K₉₀ + gibberellin, 20 g/ha was applied. It was statistically on the same level as N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin, 20 g/ha and N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha. The highest plant height (106.6 and 111.5 cm) in 2023 and 2024 was recorded when using N₂₀₀P₁₂₀K₉₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha. It was statistically at the level when using N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha similar to the maximum values of the leaf surface index (4.03, 4.05 and 4.09) were applied with N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin 40 g/ha and N₂₀₀P₁₂₀K₉₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha over three years of research. The highest grain yields (4.16, 4.63 and 4.73 t/ha) were applied with N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha in 2022-2024. The grain ash content (1.84%) was high with N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha and N₂₀₀P₁₂₀K₉₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha. The highest protein content (13.77%) and gluten (23.57%) were found with N₁₆₀P₉₀K₆₀ + gibberellin, 40 g/ha, which was higher than in the control and all other variants. In this case, the grain can be classified into the 3rd quality class.

Keywords: spring wheat, mineral fertilizer, gibberellin, grain yield, chemical composition.

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SOIL PROPERTIES

Nevedrov N.P. (9202635354@mail.ru)

Heavy metals mobility under conditions of high variability of basic properties of soils of agroecosystems and urban ecosystems of the Central chernozem region

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-008

Timely forecasting of soil changes helps to reduce the risks of environmental degradation, improve the accuracy of soil-ecological assessments, and ensure the environmental safety of landscapes for human habitation and economic activity. The work revealed models of functional relationships between mobile forms of heavy metals (HM) and basic chemical properties of soils in urban and agroecosystems. The soils of urban agglomerations and urban districts in the western part of the Central Chernozem Region were studied. High variability of soil properties due to increased variegation of the soil cover was diagnosed. It was revealed that the HM mobility index in the Central Chernozem Region has high variability and in some conditions it can be determined by the level (mass concentration of an element or elements in the soil) and the nature (polymetallic or monometallic) of soil pollution by HM, and in others by the ecological and functional state of soils. It is noted that under conditions of monometallic contamination of soils with heavy metals, it is possible to predict changes in the mobility index of heavy metals both under conditions of changes in the capacity and contrast of soil geochemical barriers and with changes in the mass concentrations of polluting heavy metals in the soil, using regionally adapted and verified mathematical models.

Keywords: urban ecosystems, agroecosystems, soil pollution, heavy metals, regression models.

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Lukmanov A.A., Gilyazov M.Yu., Gainullin R.M., Zaripov D.F., Ibatullin I.M. (Anas-Lukmanov@mail.ru, mingilyazov@yandex.ru, magistr_kgsu@mail.ru, lupin77@mail.ru, zaripov122@mail.ru)

Agrochemical factors of farming intensification and potassium regime of soils in the Volga region of the Republic of Tatarstan

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-009

Nature of the dynamics of the potassium regime of soils and its dependence on the level of application of fertilizers and chemical ameliorants are presented. The object of the study was arable soils of the Volga region of the Republic of Tatarstan, located on the right bank of the Volga River. This region occupies the north-eastern part of the Volga Upland and makes up about 15% of the republic's area. Situated in the transition zone between the taiga-forest and steppe zones, the Volga region of the republic is characterized by a wide distribution of gray forest soils and forest-steppe chernozems. The materials of the agrochemical service of the Republic of Tatarstan for 55 years (1965-2020) were analyzed. Mobile potassium compounds were determined by standard methods depending on the typical soil characteristics: according to Kirsanov as modified by CINAO, to Chirikov and to Machigin. The weighted average content of mobile potassium in arable soils according to the agrochemical survey cycles changed abruptly within the range from 116 to 161 mg/kg. The presence of a statistically significant linear dependence of the average weighted content of mobile potassium on the time factor (R2 = 0.666) was established. The intensity of agrochemical application (saturation of arable land with mineral and organic fertilizers, volumes of liming and phosphoritization) had a weak effect on the dynamics of the average weighted content of mobile potassium. An assumption was formulated that the trend of increasing the average weighted content of mobile potassium was due to the transition of low-mobility forms of potassium in the soil itself to a mobile state as a result of intensive agricultural use of arable land.

Keywords: agrochemical soil survey, mobile potassium, correlation, mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers, liming, phosphoritization.

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Tskhovrebov V.S., Al-Darraji M.M., Faizova V.I. (tshovrebov@mail.ru)

Relationship between salt, granulometric composition and state of soil absorption complex of modern and buried soils of the Inozemtsevo mound

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-010

The object of research was a burial mound located near the village of Inozemtsevo (the Stavropol region, the Mineralovodsky district) and modern soil of around territory. The soils of this area are represented by chernozem solonetzes and solonetzic-merged chernozems formed on the eluvium of the Maykop clays of marine origin. The age of the burial is about 5 thousand years. In the immediate vicinity of the mound, at a distance of 100 m, a cut was laid in the virgin soil of modern soils. It was established that during the second half of the Holocene, desalinization of these soils occurred over 5 thousand years. Migration products in the form of easily soluble salts accumulated in the C horizon and especially in its lower layers. They are in the solonetz stage, which is more pronounced in modern than in buried soils. In the granulometric composition, with some identified changes between modern and buried soils, no visible differences were found. In modern soils, compared to paleo soils, there is a significant increase in the amount of exchangeable composition. In the upper sod horizon, the studied value is 2 times higher than in the upper horizon of buried soil. In the B1 horizon, the values of the studied value reach 38.9 mg-eq/100 g, and in the B2 horizon up to 42.4 mg-eq/100 g, which is 2 times higher than in the corresponding horizons of buried soils. Thus, the evolution of the studied soils followed the path of salinization and possible desalinization at the present time.

Keywords: paleo soils, solonetzes, virgin soil, salt composition, particle size distribution, exchangeable composition.

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Lednev A.V., Lozhkin A.V. (osavoskina@rgau-msha.ru)

Zinc content in soils of the Udmurt Republic

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-011

The results of long-term comprehensive studies of the soil cover of the Udmurt Republic are presented, including data obtained at reference plots, materials of soil and agrochemical surveys of its territory. It was established that the content of total zinc in the upper horizon of arable soils fluctuated within the range of 5.7-79.2 mg/kg, urban soils – 74-1220 mg/kg and depended on the granulometric composition of the soils, on the content of organic matter in them (on the type of soil) and the remoteness of land plots from sources of man-made pollution. The parameters of the content and differentiation of gross and mobile forms of zinc in the soil profile for the main types of soils in the republic were determined. The lowest content of total zinc in the arable layer was found in soddy-podzolic sandy and sandy loam soils – 15.5 ± 8.5 mg/kg, in second place in soddy-podzolic loamy soils – 32.6 ± 13.4 mg/kg, in third place in gray forest loamy soils – 39.2 ± 13.6 mg/kg, the highest value for this indicator was found in sod-carbonate heavy loamy and clay soils – 65.1 ± 25.5 mg/kg. Down the profile, the content of total zinc in sod-podzolic and gray forest soils increased, while in sod-carbonate soils it decreased. The content of mobile zinc in the arable soil layer of the republic was low and ranged from 0.7 mg/kg in sod-podzolic sandy and sandy loam soils to 2.3 mg/kg in soddy-carbonate heavy loamy and clay soils. In this same layer, the highest degree of zinc mobility was observed – 3.5-6.1. The content of mobile zinc and the coefficient of its mobility down the profile in all soil types decreased significantly. The obtained results can be used to assess the soil cover of the republic and to develop a system for the application of micronutrient fertilizers.

Keywords: zinc, soddy-podzolic soils, gray forest soils, soddy-carbonate soils, mobility coefficient, eluvial-accumulative coefficient.

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Trifonova T.A., Gorbacheva А.Yu., Buivolov Yu.A., Bykova E.P. (tatrifon@gmail.ru, buyvolova@gmail.com, ybuyvolov@gmail.ru)

Impact of soil pollution on intensity of decomposition of coniferous litter

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-012

In order to assess the anthropogenic impact on forest ecosystems of specially protected natural areas Natural-historical park «Kuzminki-Lublino» (the City of Moscow) in comparison with Prioksko-Terrasny State Biosphere Reserve (the Moscow region) the decomposition of coniferous litter was studied. Decomposition rates of forest coniferous litter were measured by the biomass loss during the annual exposure of soil pouches in various types of forest. The analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant and predominant influence increase in the rate of decomposition of pine litter under nitrogen load at the level of critical values in park «Kuzminki-Lublino» in comparison with the reserve. The results obtained in the field confirm that the microbiological activity of soils is controlled by the level of exposure to pollution by nitrogen compounds. It was shown that observations of the rate of loss of sediment biomass in litter is an effective method for monitoring changes in the state of soil cover and ecosystems as a whole under the influence of external factors such as climatic changes and anthropogenic pollution.

Keywords: specially protected natural areas, soil pollution, ecosystem biodiagnostic, critical load, pine litter, decomposition, natural standard.

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EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES

Selitskaya O.V., Chadraabal Z., Tsygutkin A.S. (selitskayaolga@gmail.com, ASZ.RU@mail.ru)

Influence of isolates of nodule bacteria on the growth and development of white lupine plants

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-013

The effect of inoculation of seeds of white lupine variety Dega with new isolates of nodule bacteria on biometric indices and chemical composition of plants was studied. Seed inoculation resulted in increase of plant height and vegetative mass, consumption of nitrogen and ash elements by plants, increase of content of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and crude ash in leaves. In variants with inoculation with all isolates, mass of nodules on roots of white lupine plants was higher in comparison with control. It was shown that action of nodule bacteria of isolates Gamma 3-1, Novy 3-1, Manovitsky 1-3, Dega 3-2 was the most effective on variety Dega. Use of comparison strain 363a for inoculation was the least effective. Seed inoculation did not affect quantity of leaves dur- ing vegetation period, quantity and mass of seeds on one plant, quantity and mass of seeds in one pod. While nodule bacteria increased the number of beans per plant. The varietal specificity of using nodule bacteria strains on white lupine plants was revealed, which can be used for the production and application of biopreparations containing nodule bacteria that assimilate atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with white lupine plants.

Keywords: white lupine, variety, varietal specificity of nodule bacteria strains, seed inoculation, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash.

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Pasynkova E.N., Pasynkov A.V., Zavalin A.A. (a.pasynkov08@mail.ru, zavalin52@mail.ru)

Ratio of raw gluten and protein content in wheat grain and factors that determine it

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-014

The study was conducted to establish the factors that determine the value of the raw gluten/protein (G/P) ratio in wheat grain. It has been shown that the main factors determining the G/P value are the protein content and the weight of 1000 grains. Using multiple regression analysis, an equation was developed that reflects the dependence of the G/P ratio (Y) on the protein content (X₁, %) and the weight of 1000 grains (X₂, g): Y = – 0.8047 – 0.1353Х₁ + 0.0046Х₁² + 0.1798Х₂ – 0.0020Х₂². In the developed equation, all indicators of grain quality (protein and gluten content, as well as the weight of 1000 grains) are given at 12% moisture content or air-dry matter (a.-d.m.). The established dependence has a complex nonlinear character and is most accurately described by a second-order equation with clearly defined extremum points in the protein content of the grain (14.71% a.-d.m.) and the weight of 1000 grains (44.95 g a.-d.m.). The algorithm and results of testing the predictive capabilities and forecast accuracy of the developed equation using independent data are presented. At the same time, the forecast of the G/P ratio is confirmed in six countries (Austria, Poland, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine and Uzbekistan) with modification and genotypic differences in winter and spring soft and durum wheat. The developed equation allows us to determine the main trends in changes in the G/P ratio, explain the contradictory nature of these dependencies available in the scientific literature and, with a relatively high degree of probability, can be used to predict the G/P ratio in wheat grain, as well as for indirect verification of the quality of analytical work.

Keywords: wheat, protein, raw gluten, 1000 kernels weight, gluten/protein ratio.

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Valeshnyaya D.V., Pashkevich E.B. (darya.valeshnyaya@student.msu.ru, pashkevich05@list.ru)

Effect of lignohumate and lignosulfonate foliar treatment on peppermint grown under lead contamination of mixed soils

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-015

The effect of foliar treatment with lignohumate AM and lignosulfonate in doses of 0.01 and 0.05% on peppermint plants grown in lead-contaminated soil with additional root application of copper and zinc and without these elements was evaluated on the basis of 2-year studies in a small plot experiment. Foliar treatments were carried out in the phases of underground shoots (rhizomes) formation and branching. It was shown that foliar treatment of plants with 0.05% aqueous solutions of both lignohumate and lignosulfonate with the introduction of copper and zinc chelates into the soil statistically significantly increases the raw weight of plants by 133.3-232.9%, reduces the content of nitrates on average by 49.2% and lead in leaves on average by 32% in leaves (in the second year of vegetation) compared to the control variant, optimizes the concentrations of zinc and copper in leaves of peppermint grown in urban conditions. Also, in the second year of vegetation, lead content in peppermint leaves was lower than MAC (6 mg/kg) in variants without foliar treatment with NPK and micronutrients application, with lignohumate 0.05% treatment with NPK and micronutrients application, with lignosulfonate 0.01% treatment with NPK and micronutrients application, with lignosulfonate 0.05% treatment with NPK application. The most effective concentration of both lignohumate and lignosulfonate, without additional application of trace elements was 0.01%, the fresh weight of plants increased from 1.14 to 2.27 times in comparison with the concentration of 0.05%. The opposite effect was in variants with micronutrients application: 0.05% concentration of both preparations showed the best results. In this case, the fresh weight of plants treated with 0.05% concentration was higher from 1.02 to 1.27 times in comparison with 0.01% concentration.

Keywords: lead contaminated mixed soil, peppermint, lignohumate, lignosulfonate, microelements, zinc, copper, foliar application.

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PLANT PROTECTION

Zagoruyko M.V., Sinih Y.N., Denisova G.I. (miho2000@mail.ru, galya-denisova787@yandex.ru)

Measures to control Sosnovsky's hogweed

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-016

This article describes in detail the history of the study of Sosnowsky's hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi) as a species, which is a historical research method. The reasons for its use in agriculture are determined, and an assumption is made about the reasons for its acquisition of elements of invasiveness. A detailed analysis of the methods of combating H. sosnowskyi has been carried out, an environmental assessment of various approaches has been given, which is a comparative research method. The analysis of the use of H. sosnowskiy in various fields from medicine to the cultural and aesthetic aspect is carried out. The result of the experiment should be a large array of data that will allow for statistical reliability to analyze the dynamics of soil changes, the number of H. sosnowskiy, to make an economic analysis of various control measures and environmental damage.

Keywords: Sosnovsky’s hogweed, Mantegazzi hogweed, Persian hogweed, Siberian hogweed, Giant hogweed, control measures, agricultural errors, harm of herbicides, environmental control methods.

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Zeleneva Yu.V., Zubko N.G., Chernyshova S.K., Mokhova L.M. (zelenewa@mail.ru, sacura0@yandex.ru, chernyshova.sonia@yandex.ru, mohovalubov@mail.ru)

Sensitivity of Zymoseptoria tritici isolates to fungicides of strobilurins chemical class

DOI 10.24412/1029-2551-2025-1-017

The sensitivity of Zymoseptoria tritici fungus isolates from aboveground parts of wheat from the Leningrad, Tambov regions and Krasnodar territory to strobilurins (azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin) was assessed. Regardless of the geographical origin of the isolates, pyraclostrobin was the most effective in suppressing the growth of Z. tritici colonies on KGA compared to azoxystrobin. Two isolates from the Tambov region were found that showed resistance to azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, as well as three isolates from the Leningrad region with low sensitivity to azoxystrobin. The detection of Z. tritici mutants resistant to these fungicides requires a more detailed analysis of the fungus populations and the mechanisms of this phenomenon using modern molecular research methods.

Keywords: azoxystrobin, fungal isolates, pyraclostrobin, resistance, septoriosis, wheat varieties, toxicological assessment, fungicides.