100TH ANNIVERSARY OF VORONEZH STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY

T.M. Parakhnevich (tatyana.1701@mail.ru)

Monitoring of soil fertility at experimental station of university

The experiments have shown that a long-term agricultural use of the soils of the Experimental Station of Voronezh SAU caused a significant decrease in humus content, as well as the deterioration of certain physical and chemical parameters. Calculation of the total soil score, which can be used to assess soil quality as well as for other tasks during the monitoring confirmed the foundings mentioned above.

Keywords: experiment station, monitoring, soil fertility, soil map, soil properties, quality assessment, total soil score.

P.T. Brekhov, N.G. Myazin (agrohimi@ag.vsau.ru)

Potassium forms on typical chernozem while long-term application of fertilizers

There have been defined during a long-term experiment potassium contents and forms in the arable layer of typical chernozem after long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers in the crop rotation.

Keywords: typical chernozem, mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers, potassium contents in soil, potassium forms in soil.

A.V. Dedov, M.A. Nesmeyanova (dedov050@mail.ru)

Influence of perennials on soil fertility

There are given the results of multifactorial stationary experiments on the basic techniques of soil fertility recovery while using perennial grasses. There is shown their role in preservation of chernozem soil fertility in order to redress debt-neutral balance of organic substances.

Keywords: soil, fertility, humus, root, crop and plant residues, above-ground phytomass, crop rotation, organic substances, crop yield.

L.I. Saratovsky (N206SS_Sarat206@mail.ru), N.V. Saprykina, V.P. Uliantseva, I.A. Novikova

Comparative productivity of high-protein crops depending on their growing conditions

There are given the results of research carried out in order to define the influence of different soil and climatic conditions of the Central Chernozem Region on the productivity of differently ripening amaranth varieties in comparison with perennial leguminous grasses. It is shown that amaranth isdrought-resistant, high protein, high-yield crop with a high rate of reproduction on the flood plain as well as on the dry valley.

Keywords: perennial leguminous grasses, amaranth, crop yield, soil and climatic conditions, flood plain, dry valley.

A.M. Tolokonnikov, N.G. Myazin (agrohimi@ag.vsau.ru)

Effect of foliar fertilizing with microelements on yield and grain quality of winter wheat on leached chernozem

There has been determined the effect of foliar fertilizing with microelements on yield and grain quality of winter wheat in a microfield long-term stationary experiment on leached chernozem.

Keywords: leached chernozem, microelements, foliar fertilizing, winter wheat.

A.I. Illarionov, S.I. Maksimenkov (Illarionov-Alexandr@yandex.ru)

Efficiency of Imidakloprid against Colorado beetle in conditions of forest steppe Voronezh region

There has been determined the dynamics of colorado potato beetle number under the influence of imidacloprid in the form of preparations Prestige, KS and Taboo, VSK. There is determined their biological efficiency against colorado potato beetle while processing potato bulbs before planting.

Keywords: potato, colorado potato beetle, insecticides, imidacloprid.

INVESTIGATION OF GROWTH REGULATORS, MICRO- AND HUMIC FERTILIZERS

N.Yu. Garmash, G.A. Garmash (niicrnz@mail.ru)

Methodological approaches to assessment of humic preparations quality

There is shown the possibility of biological testing method' application to the assessment of humming preparations' quality. It is recommended to apply oxydimetric method with photometric end-up to establish quantitatively the main active substances of humic and fulvic acids, it is proved to be rather precise, well-reproduced and available for most laboratories.

Keywords: assessment, assessment methods, quality, humic preparations.

R.M. Gafurov, V.M. Rakhimov, A.A. Molodchuev (mosniish@yandex.ru)

Appraisal of new plant growth regulator application for winter wheat cultivation

Data about biological efficiency of plant growth regulator (retardant) Retacel application in different dozes and periods of use for winter wheat cultivation are presented.

Keywords: winter wheat, retardant, growth regulator, application periods and dozes, productivity.

V.I. Savich, V.A. Sedykh, S.L. Belopukhov, S.A. Izmaylova (savich.mail@gmail.com)

Influence of potassium humate of poultry droppings

Biological activity of humates drawn from organic substances through alkaline extraction is beyond any doubt. Peat, manure, compost, brown coal and plants remains are used as a source for humate extraction; meanwhile there have been carried out no studies on potassium humate from poultry droppings while greensprouting of watercress and mustard seeds, development of seedlings root systems and roots formation of currant cuttings. There has been studied the biological activity of potassium humate of poultry droppings. The seedling development has improved under the treatment of poultry droppings by ultrasound and anodic enrichment of humate with zinc and copper.

Keywords: humate, poultry dropping, anodic enrichment, zinc, copper.

S.V. Kizinyok, A.Kh. Sheudzhen (rqpzKrs@mail.kuban.ru), A.N. Burunov

Efficiency of microelement application for rice productivity formation

Rice is one of main crops in food balance of different countries in a world and in sowing areas and in total input is the second after wheat. This crop has a great agricultural ameliorative meaning in case of salted soil treatment for rice cultivation.
Krasnodar region is the main rice cultivation territory of Russia. Average rice yield doesn’t exceed 45 c/ha for last five years. It’s necessary to increase total input of rice grain forsatisfaction of human consumption in Russia. It can be solved by yield increase due to application of balanced mineral nutrition in mixture with microelements in fertilizer system. Presentation of new microfertilizers tests is published in article.

Keywords: rice productivity, fertilizer system, microelements, efficiency of new microfertilizer.

SOIL PROPERTIES AND SOIL FERTILITY

E.A. Cherkasov, B.K. Samatov (fgysas@mv.ru), S.N. Nemtsev, S.N. Nikitin (s_nikitin@mail.ru)

The agricultural chemistry monitoring of soils of the Ulyanovsk area

45-years-old material of the agricultural chemistry monitoring of soils of the Ulyanovsk region is presented. Influence of agricultural ores (diatomite) on concentration of heavy metals mobile forms in soil is studied.

Keywords: agricultural chemistry inspection, trace elements, heavy metals, diatomite.

O.T. Ermolaev (acadagro@tmn.ru), V.M. Krasnitskiy (krasnitsky@omsknet.ru)

Interaction of calcium of ameliorants with the soil absorbing complex

Parameters of calcium inmeliorant interaction with soil absorbing complex of solonetz soil are considered. Established that intensity of interaction depends on meliorant solubility in mobile conditions of temperature and moisture soil regimes. At even distribution of meliorant in soil layers noticed even penetration of calcium in soil sorbing complex, at surface –calcium is detected in upper layers. Noticed that more meliorative effect and qualitative improvement of arable horizon are determined at multilevel soil treatment of solonetz. At perfect trenching treatment positive effect is smaller than at multilevel treatment.

Keywords: calcium, meliorant, soil absorbing complex.

I.I. Igonov (mgcas@mail.ru), I.F. Kargin (karginvi@yandex.ru)

Dynamics of heavy metals content during prolonged arable area use

There are given the data on heavy metals content in soil, precipitation, snow and ground waters, which allow to conclude that degree of pollution danger of agricultural production with heavy metals is rather low with the condition of their present balance maintenance in the near future. There was revealed some decrease in soil contamination with heavy metals within the studying period (1994-2010). There were found the maximum permissible levels (MPL) excess with Pb in 1994-2003 and with Cu in 1994-2008. Reduction of anthropogenic emissions on ground surface caused by environmentally hazardous production led to soil contamination' decrease by 4,3 times with Pb, by more than 9 times with Cd, by 1,4 times with Cu and by 1,3 times with Zn.

Keywords: round, heavy metals, maximum permissible levels (MPL), soil heavy metal containing, heavy metals in plants.

S.M. Beslaneev, A.H. Sokhrokov, A.A. Zhambikova, Z.L. Tatarkanova (agrohim_7@mail.ru)

Influence of soil organic matter quantity on microelements concentration in soils of Kabardino-Balkaria republic

There has been carried out the assessment of land tenure condition of regional soil monitoring. There has been studied the influence of quantity organic elements of the soils heavy metals to the concentration of it in soil./p>

Keywords: soil, regional monitoring, heavy metals, organic elements.

V.I. Prosyannikov (agrohim-kuzbass@mail.ru)

Mobility of microelements in arable soils

The results of trace elements mobility investigations in major soil types in Kemerovo region are presented in article. The part of available microelements doesn’t exceed 10% and depends on soil type.

Keywords: trace elements, soil, degree of mobility of trace elements.

A.A. Zavalin, G.G. Blagoveshchenskaya, L.S. Chernova, N.Ya. Shmyreva (bioazot@mail.ru)

Management of plant nitrogen nutrition in soil

Data about application of the mineral and organic fertilizers for agricultural production inRussian Federation are presented. Input of biological nitrogen in agriculture is estimated. Nitrogen balance forming at current agricultural crop yield level is sharply negative. Volumes of nitrogen gas losses in ammonia form from the mineral and organic fertilizers during cultivation of agricultural crops at main soil-climatic zones are presented. These data based on application of fertilizers, marked by stabile isotope of ¹⁵N. it’s shown that ammonia volatilization from fertilizers depends on soil type, variety of agricultural crop, cultivation technologies and weather conditions. Ammonia emission takes place at transformation of microbial status in soil, for understanding of it data about microbial transformation in different soil types of Russia is given.

Keywords: plant nitrogen nutrition, microbiocoenosis of soil, decrease of nitrogen losses from soil and fertilizers.