Buy the full-text version or a separate article one can on the site www.elibrary.ru


Главный редактор: И.С. Прохоров, к.с.-х.н.

Редакция: И.И. Прохорова (директор), М.А. Королькова, Н.В. Куроптева, М.В. Царева, к.с.-х.н.

Редколлегия: А.И. Беленков, д.с.-х.н., С.Л. Белопухов, д.с.-х.н., к.х.н., Н.М. Белоус, д.с.-х.н., Т.Ю. Бортник, д.с.-х.н., И.И. Дмитревская, д.с.-х.н., Л.А. Дорожкина, д.с.-х.н., А.А. Завалин, д.с.-х.н., С.Ю. Зайцев, д.б.н., д.х.н., А.Л. Иванов, д.б.н., Л.В. Кирейчева, д.т.н., А.В. Кураков, д.б.н., С.В. Лукин, д.с.-х.н., С.М. Лукин, д.б.н., М.Г. Мустафаев, д.с.-х.н. (Азербайджан), С.М. Надежкин, д.б.н., М.М. Овчаренко, д.с.-х.н., к.х.н., А.В. Пасынков, д.б.н., Т.Ф. Персикова, д.с.-х.н. (Беларусь), О.А. Подколзин, д.с.-х.н., Т.Р. Рыспеков (Казахстан), к.с.-х.н., Н.И. Санжарова, д.б.н., В.М. Семенов, д.б.н., В.И. Титова, д.с.-х.н., П.А. Чекмарев, д.с.-х.н., О.Х. Эргашева, к.б.н. (Узбекистан)

Адрес для переписки: 115419, Москва, Шаболовка, 65-1-50.

Тел/факс: +7 (495) 952-76-25

Тел/факс: +7 (965) 183-20-79

E-mail: agrochem_herald@mail.ru

Отпечатано в ООО «САМ Полиграфист».
г. Москва, 109316, Волгоградский пр-т, д. 42, корп. 5.
Подписано в печать: 23.06.2014
Формат 60х90/8.

Журнал зарегистрирован в Министерстве печати и информации Российской Федерации 29 апреля 1997 г.
Свидетельство № 011095.

MAIN THEME: 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE STATE AGROCHEMICAL SERVICE

50 years dynamics of soil fertility of arable lands in forest-steppe zone of Bashkortostan republic

Results of agrochemical monitoring of arable forest-steppe soil in Bashkortostan Republic during 50 years are presented. Established that 40-58% of arable lands needs liming. Arable lands of northern and southern forest-steppe zones are characterizing by low humus content, north-eastern zone – average. All soils are described by de-humification process. Content of available phosphorous in North-eastern forest-steppe is low, in Northern – average and in Southern – high. Content of available potassium is high in all soils and stable duting 50 years. Content of heavy metals in all soils rather exceed maximum permitted concentrations.

Keywords: forest-steppe soils, monitoring, humus, available phosphorous, available potassium, microelements, heavy metals.


Ecological monitoring of heavy metals content in soil

In the article on the basis of the environmental monitoring of soils of Tver region presented data on the status and dynamics of the content of heavy metals. As well presented the results of research and fifty kilometer zone around the Kalinin nuclear power plant. Established that during last years content of lead and cadmium has been decreased. It can be described by sharp decrease of the mineral, organic and liming fertilizers. Anthropogenic influence on heavy metals accumulation in soil decreased due to polluting air enterprises shutdown. Content of copper and zinc was stable and total ecological situation around the Kalinin nuclear power plant is charcterised as satisfactorial.

Keywords: heavy metals, monitoring, ecological safety, accumulation.


Dynamics of soil fertility in Mary El Republic

There is given the analysis of arable soils state in the Mary El Republic from 1965 up to 2013. There was noticed a certain decrease of all agrochemical soil characteristics which affected the total of cereals.

Keywords: soil fertility, dynamics, agrochemical characteristics.


Calcium and magnesium content in soils of Northern Osetia Republic – Alaniya

The article deals with the data on the content of calcium and magnesium gross forms in different soil types and sup-types of the Northern Osetia Republic – Alaniya. The dynamics of adsorbed calcium and magnesium content in different soils for the long period is considered. Established that soils in Republic suffer from lack of nutrients, it leads to decrease of yield and quality of agricultural output. According to this reason economies should estimate their soils by calcium and magnesium content and thoroughly select cultivating crops.

Keywords: soil, reference site, calcium, magnesium, elemental balance.


MICROBIOLOGY

Research of qualitative content of epiphytic microorganisms of cultivated and weed plants in Tambov and Moscow regions

Epiphytic microorganisms of plants are very varied. Composition of microorganisms on the surface of plants varies depending on the plant species, climate, weather, habitat. We have isolated several strains of plants epiphytic microorganisms from samples taken in the Tambov and Moscow regions. Nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA gene isolated bacteria were defined by using universal bacterial primers.

Keywords: soil and rhizosphere microorganisms, plants, qualitative content.


FERTILIZER AND HARVEST

Analysis of mineral fertilizers optimal dozes changes for fiber flax cultivation

Optimal dose of mineral fertilizers for fiber flax in time and their range has been considered. It is shown that application of complex fertilizer with a ratio of power supply elements NPK 1:1:1 is less effective in comparison with the use of fertilizer mixture in the ratio NPK 1:2:4.

Keywords: fiber flax, mineral fertilizers, dose NPK, yield.


Change of fertility and efficiency of sod-podzolic soil under the influence of complex use of fertilizers

Efficiency of use of the organic and mineral fertilizers and also their combinations in field stationary experiment at sod-podsolic light-loamy soil and influence on it’s fertility and efficiency is studied. Established that productivity and quality of cultivated crops increased in 6-field forage crop rotation. Meanwhile main economic parameters (production price and cost recovery by yield increase) were the best during application of the mineral fertilizers in three dozes.

Keywords: organic, mineral fertilizers, productivity, soil, humus, fodder crop rotation, payback.


YOUNG SCIENTISTS RESEARCHES

Estimation of non-root top-dressing of agricultural crops by humate preparations at The North-Western Russia

High efficiency of not root top-dressing of plants by humate preparations as in field, and microfield experiences is revealed in the conditions of south areas of the North-western regions of Russia. Not root top-dressing of plants by humate preparations favorable influenced on biometric indicators ofpotato, corn and vetch-oat mixture and productivity of these cultures. The highest productivity as result of humate preparation application is received for potato plants of Breeze variety. Efficiency of humate preparations in a field experiment varied and depended, both from culture and from a nutrient background. The close interrelation between productivity and the area of leaves on corn, and mass of plants – on vetch-oat mixture is defined.

Keywords: corn, potato, field experiment, humate preparations, yield (productivity), sod-podzolic soil.


Dynamics of radiostrontium stability and sorption level with natural minerals and artificial sorbents from water solution

The sorption dynamics of 90Sr produced by NFC to the environment with natural minerals (diatomite and tripoli) and new artificial sorbents from water solution during a two-year period were examined. A sharp decrease of radionuclide mobility in the first two weeks after the beginning of interaction with sorbents was reported. With time the reduction of radionuclide strength and sorption with all sorbents was observed, artificial to a lower extent, however, then natural.

Keywords: sorbents, minerals, 90Sr, dynamics, sorption, environment.


Use Fucus vesiculosus in vegetable open ground

In the article the use of water extract of brown algae bladder wrack (Fucus vesiculosus L.) in plants cultivation of cucumbers in conditions of open ground. It is established that the spraying of plants significantly (2 times) increases the yield and concentration of the drug in 100 g/l doesn’t cause burns leaves.

Keywords: field experiment, algae, fucus, cucumber, vegetable, yields.


FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Heavy metals content in soils of the Eastern part of the Nile delta

The results of research on heavy metals in the soils of the eastern part of the Nile Delta are set out. Quantitative values of common and mobile forms of heavy metals on geomorphological zones in different types of alluvial soil are determined. Increased pollution of soils in the areas closed to Bahr-El-Baker drainage is noted.

Keywords: Nile Delta, alluvial soil, heavy metals, common and mobile forms, contamination.


Long-term forecast for meliorative procedures in Azerbaijan Republic

There is given some detailed information for long-term forecast of the water-salt regime in the meliorated soils of the Mugan-Salyan massif. While forecasting there were determined 5 soil groups of different granulometric structures on the basis of the complex researches. The suggested forecast of the water-salt regime can be used widely in all irrigated soils of the Azerbaijan Republic.

Keywords: granulometric structure, irrigation rate, forecast, water-salt regime, melioratve procedures.


Effect of antitranspirant Vapor Gard on the crop yield and quality of strawberry fruits

The aim of the study being carried out was to evaluate the effect of antitranspirant produced with natural resins, with the trade name Vapor Gard, on the crop yield and quality of strawberry fruits of the cultivar Salsa. A single-factor experiment was conducted in a completely randomized system, with four replications, in 2009-2010. Examinations were performed in the vegetation hall of the Western Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. Spraying of strawberry plants with antitranspirant Vapor Gard, at a 0,75% concentration, was applied before flowering. This preparation was found to have an effect on increasing the crop yield and one fruit weight of strawberry cultivar Salsa. The fruits of strawberry plants being sprayed with this antitranspirant were characterised by a higher content of ascorbic acid and accumulated less nitrates than those of control plants. Antitranspirant Vapor Gard had an effect on increasing the potassium, calcium and magnesium contents in the strawberry leaves as well as that of magnesium in the strawberry fruits. The application of this antitranspirant reduced accumulation of lead in the leaves and fruits of the strawberry cultivar being examined.

Keywords: strawberry, antitranspirant, Salsa, crop yield and quality.