ACTUAL THEME (Cultivation of fiber-flax)

N.V. Vedeneeva(gcas@vologda.ru), A.N. Naliukhin (naliuhin@vologda.ru)

Fertility status of arable soils and fiber-flax yield planning in Vologda region

There is being considered soil’ characteristics of raw-industrial zones in Vologda region. There are also given the analysis and estimation of soils’ fertility according to basic agrochemical indicators. Optimum doses of mineral fertilizers have been calculated for planned fiber-flax’ yield according to the results of land appraisal.

Keywords: soils’ fertility, fertilizer, fiber-flax, yield, raw-industrial zones.

I.Sh. Fatykhov, E.V. Korepanova (nir210@mail.ru)

Trusts quality elemental composition of fiber-flax seeds in the conditions of Middle Ural region

There are presented the results of researches on trusts quality studies and those of elemental and amino-acid composition in perspective varieties of fiber-flax. Elemental composition of fiber-flax seeds depends on its variety, precocity group and weather conditions of the cultivation period.

Keywords: fiber-flax, variety, trust, technological indicators of quality, seeds, elemental and amino-acid composition.

RESEARCH OF PEAT AND SOILGROUNDS

S.M. Lukin, T.Y. Anisimova (vnion@vtsnet.ru)

Reasonable use of peat and peat soils in Vladimir region

The research has been funded by the project “Development and implementation of the principles of peat bogs’ complex management and protection in Russia” of International organization of preserving of water-marsh holdings Wetlands International within the framework of BBI Matra program.

Keywords: peat, peat soils, protection, reasonable use.

S.I. Tarasov (tarasov.s.i@mail.ru), l.M. Kuznetsova (vniitp@efndex.ru)

Peat normative requirements agricultural use

There is given a system of normative requirements of production, storage, transportation, use of peat as well as its derivatives for agricultural use. There has been also grounded the necessity updating of existing standards’ updating and their correspondence to the requirements of international standards and directives.

Keywords: peat, peat derivatives, agriculture, safety standards, quality standards.

V.A. Petrunina (trifonova@msau.ru), N.I. Gamayunov, S.R. Ispiryan (ispirian-tstu@mail.ru)

Heat and water-physical characteristics of peat and peat-mineral fertilizers

There have been determined for the first time some heat and water-physical characteristics of peat and peat-mineral fertilizers according to a new methodology of complex discovery of heat-physical parameters and characteristics.

Keywords: peat, moisture content, mineral fertilizers, concentration, phase shaft temperature.

S.R. Ispiryan (ispirian-tstu@mail.ru), V.A. Petrunina (trifonova@msau.ru)

Freezing and melting processes concerning peat and peat-mineral fertilizers

There are given the results of laboratory experiments on melting process of peat and peat-mineral fertilizers which coordinate with the accounts. This allows to make a prognosis of stack upper layers’ freezing depth with given meteorological conditions.

Keywords: peat, peat-mineral fertilizers, concentration, moisture content, air temperature, thickness of melted layer, melting speed.

I.S. Prokhorov (urban_soil@mail.ru), S.Yu. Karev (ecomarin@nm.ru)

Particularities of artificial soil-ground production for landscape and shade gardening in Moscow

Presentation of artificial soil-ground production for landscape and shade gardening on example of Russian company ECO-MARINE Ltd. Documents, confirming ecological compliance of artificial soil-grounds and fertility of it with the requirements, which are differentiated in dependence of plant type.

Keywords: soil-ground, peat, parent rock ground, sludge, utilization, re-cultivation, landscape and shade gardening.

T.Y. Anisimova, A.M. Tyslenko, A.I. Es’kov (vnion@vtsnet.ru)

Nourishing soilgrounds for strawberry cultivation

It has been revealed as a result of studies on strawberry Elizabet II’ cultivation in container with different peat mixtures that it grows more effectively on peat compost.

Keywords: peat, strawberry, compost, nourishing soil, containerized way.

AGROECOLOGICAL QUESTIONS

Titov I.E., Shubina O.A., Spirin E.V. (titan13_08@mail.ru)

Rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated agricultural lands temporary excluded from use after the Chernobyl accident

Radioactive contamination and subsequent exclusion of agricultural lands from its economic use led to some social, economic and ecological problems. The radiation situation in the abandoned areas has lately changed. Part of temporary excluded lands can be used for different economic purposes. The present paper provides information on the current radiological status of the abandoned areas and results from testing of the remediation technologies of agricultural lands.

Keywords: Chernobyl accident, agricultural lands excluded from use, land remediation technologies, radiation situation.

E.G. Saraseko, A.G. Podolyak (elen_saraseko@tut.by)

Optimization of agricultural crop composition on peaty radionuclide contaminated soils for quality crop rotation

In the context of current technogenic development one of the popular practices related to reduction of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr transfer to agricultural production and the most feasible approach to control the processes of organic matter decomposition on peaty soils is optimization of cropland structure based on adaptation of agricultural crops to soil and hydrological conditions. This will enable to expand cultures diversity and their varieties with lower levels of radionuclide concentration and to increase cropland capacity with reduction of fodder production costs.

For the first time for peaty soils at their different transformation stages there have been recommended the sets of crop variety composition differentiated with respect to the various levels of groundwaters and organic matter content in soil.

Keywords: peaty soils, radionuclides ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr, groundwater level, organic matter, agricultural crops, specified crop rotations.

V.N. Sarykin, Y.I. Zarudnev, T.D. Khramkova (ahim_c@ab.ru)

Recycling of sugar production’ wastes

Sugar producing factories in Altai region have stored more than 2 ml t of defecation and its amount keeps expanding, that is why there has been assessed in field experiments on leached chernozem soils of Ob region the influence of fertilizers and the defecation on agrochemical soil characteristics, yield and production quality at all crop rotation levels. As a result of mineral nutrition improvement spring wheat’ and maize’ yield increased by 47 and 68% and so did their qualitative characteristics.

Keywords: soil, fertilizers, defecation (sugar production’ waste), crop rotation, yield.

I.V. Rusakova (rusakova.iv@yandex.ru)

Resource-saving technologies of plant residues application

Аre represented the results of laboratory, field and vegetal experiences on the study of effectiveness in processing straw by microbiological and humic preparations for purposes of the acceleration of its decomposition. It is established that the introduction into the sod-podzolic soil of the straw, inoculated by the biological preparation, that caused the making more active of an increase in the number of saprophytic microflora, was accompanied by an increase in the content of the microbial biomass and easily transformed carbon, it contributed to reduction in the phytotoxic (depressant) effect, to increase in the productivity of lupine – by 10-13%, hay of annual grasses (lupine- oat mixture) – on it was eighth 13%. In the vegetal experience working the straw of lupine and winter wheat by humate K it contributed to an increase in the overground biomass of barley by 29-32%, root – to 11-20% in comparison with the analogous forms of straw without the working by preparation.

Keywords: microbiological preparation, humate of potassium of peat, straw, sod-podzolic soil.

M.G.Mustafayev (mustafa-mustafayev@rambler.ru)

Causes of agricultural efficiency’ decrease on lands of Azerbaijan

There are being considred the causes of agricultural efficiency’ decrease on meliotared lands of Azerbaijan. There have been revealed the modern state of the Republic’ lands and the processes which are caused by their intensive use. There has been suggested a system of complex agromeliorating activities which should act to eliminate those negative factors.

Keywords: efficiency, meliorated agriculture, yield, soil treatment, crop rotation.

N.E. Pervova (pochw@yandex.ru), G.V. Zolotarev (zolotaryov@geoforum.ru)

On some specific features of the biological turnover cycle in model forest biocoenosis (lysimetric experience)

The article presents the results of long-term observations on the model soil lysimeters at experimental station of Moscow State University. For the first time the specific features of the biological turnover cycle were investigated in experimental lysimetric sites with the initial stage of soil formation. Also, there was studied the behavior of the liquid phase of soils under different vegetation.

Keywords: soils, lysimeters, biological cycle, phytocenosis, biogeocenosis, leaves litter, migration of natural waters.